ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effects of recombinant protein ferritin heavy chain of Clonorchis sinensis (CsFHC) on human hepatic stellate cell line LX-2. Methods LX-2 cells were cultured in vitro by the cell culture method . Cell proliferation/toxicity detection kit (CCK-8) was used to detect the cell proliferation activity of LX-2 cells stimulated with CsFHC recombinant protein [0 (control), 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 nmol/L] at 48 h and 72 h, respectively, and the effect of CsFHC recombinant protein on cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry; a semi quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of type I collagen (Collagen Ⅰ), type Ⅲ collagen (Collagen Ⅲ) and α smooth muscle actin (Αsma). Results The effects of CsFHC on proliferation of LX-2 cells (48 h: 0.987 ± 0.042, 1.315 ± 0.105, 1.298 ± 0.078, 1.432 ± 0.089, 1.781 ± 0.040, 1.581 ± 0.056; 72 h:1.050 ± 0.030, 1.503 ± 0.111, 1.671 ± 0.102, 1.769 ± 0.123, 1.927 ± 0.067, 1.492 ± 0.081) between groups were significantly different statistically (F = 1892.133, 534.136, P<0.05). The quiescent stage/DNA synthesis (G0/G1 ) cells in 1, 2, 5, 10, and 20 nmol/L CsFHC recombinant protein groups (74.93 ± 4.05, 75.87 ± 4.16, 76.73 ± 5.03, 78.57 ± 5.51, 74.90 ± 3.61) were significantly higher than that of control group (54.90 ± 3.61, P<0.05);the synthesis phase (S) + DNA synthesis late/mitotic (G2/M) cells (22.24 ± 3.06, 24.13 ± 2.00, 18.54 ± 1.53, 18.71 ± 1.53 and 21.17 ± 3.06) were lower than that of control group (33.26 ± 2.65,P < 0.05). In control and 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 nmol/L CsFHC recombinant protein groups, the differences of Mrna expression levels of Collagen Ⅰ, Collagen Ⅲ and α SMA were statistically significant (48 h:F=81.419, 14.417, 70.456;72 h:F=79.224, 50.461, 41.872, P<0.05). Conclusion The CsFHC recombinant protein can stimulate the proliferation and activation of LX-2 cells in vitro, the CsFHC involved in the process of hepatic fibrosis induced by Clonorchis sinensis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the epidemic status of principal human parasites, so as to provide scientific evidence for making prevention countermeasures for Guangdong Province in the future. Methods In 2015, a survey was performed according to the scheme of "The 3rd National Survey of Principal Human Parasites"as well as the incidence of parasites disease in Guangdong Province,the residents at 48 investiation sites in counties were surveyed. The survey of the soil-transmitted nematodes (Ascariasis, Ancylostoma, Trichuris trichiura and Enterobius vermicularis) and intestinal protozoa were performed based on the ecological regions and stratified by economic and geographic situation.The survey of food borne Clonorchis sinensis was performed along with the soil-transmitted nematodes in rural areas, and it was performed by the sample method of random cluster in cities and towns.The residents in each investigation site as the object, the ovum of the soil-transmitted nematodes, Clonorchis sinensis and other helminths were examed by the modified Kato-Katz method, test tube filter paper was used to identify Hookwormspecies, and the intestinal protozoa was checked by direct smear method. The transparent tape anal swabs method for children aged 3 - 6 years to check Enterobius vermicularis. Results Totally 12 401 residents of 48 survey sites from 22 counties were surveyed, and the total infection rate of intestinal parasites was 8.29%(1 028/12 401). The infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes was 3.39% (420/12 401),in which the infection rate of Ascariasis, Ancylostoma, Trichuris trichiura and Enterobius vermicularis were 0.52% (64/12 401), 1.89%(234/12 401),0.46%(57/12 401),and 0.52%(65/12 401),respectively.The infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis was 4.90%(608/12 401). Nine hundred and sixty-seven children were tested for eggs of Enterobius vermicularis with the infection rate of 12.41% (120/967). The number of hook larva culture was 153, among them, 140 were hookworm larvae of America and no duodenal hookworm larvae and other nematode species were found.Totally 9 309 residents were tested for intestinal protozoa infection,and the infection rate was 0.31%(29/9 309). Conclusion In Guangdong Province, the infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes is decreasing while the infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis is still high, and the control work of parasites still should be strengthened especially for food borne parasitic diseases.
ABSTRACT
Clonorchiasis is one of the food?borne parasitic diseases. Adult parasites live in the human liver and gallbladder tube system,causing serious complications,such as gallstones,cholecystitis and cholangitis,and even bile duct cancer. The disease is very popular in our country,and the population infection rate is high. It is an important public health problem. Guang?dong Province is the earliest province being found of clonorchiasis and with serious epidemic. In the second national human para?sitic diseases distribution survey,the results showed that the average infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis in the epidemic areas in Guangdong was 16.42%. It is estimated that the population of C. sinensis infection is over 6 million. The prevention and con?trol of clonorchiasis in China is still in the initial stage currently and we face many challenges such as unclear epidemic charac?teristics and transmission mode,and lack of long?term prevention and control mechanism. This article introduces the epidemic situation of clonorchiasis and prevention and control strategies and measures in Guangdong.
ABSTRACT
Biomphalaria straminea,the intermediary host of Schistosoma mansoni,was found by survey in local areas of Shen-zhen City in 1981,which was the first finding of the snail in inland China. By 2013,the snail had spread in large range of Shen-zhen City and overspread to the surrounding regions,Dongguan City and Huizhou City. Due to the facts that Shenzhen City has many international communications and is a key area of labor export,with high population mobility,while the reports of S. manso-ni infection in the returnees of our country from Africa have been increasing recently,it must be paid a high attention to whether the epidemic or transmission of schistosomiasis mansoni may happen under the present circumstance. This paper initially discusses the finding,distribution,spreading and overspreading and transmission risk of B. straminea in inland China and puts forward some related control suggestions.